کنترل ولتاژ تماسی ریل در سیستم‌های حمل و نقل ریلی برقی با تغذیه DC

Most modern DC electrified railway systems use a totally floating earth as their grounding strategy. A well-known problem related with totally floating systems is that the touch potentials can be dangerously high. In order to reduce the voltages on rails, several devices exist. Most of these devices allow a direct connection to earth when a certain voltage threshold is exceeded. In this paper, the working principles of these devices are given and the effect of certain parameters related with these devices on the minimum achievable touch potentials is investigated